Dr. Kamala Sohonie was a remarkable Indian biochemist who shattered glass ceilings and paved the way for future generations of women in science. Born in 1911, Dr. Sohonie’s life and work were a testament to perseverance, groundbreaking research, and a deep commitment to improving public health.
Early Life and Education
Kamala Sohonie’s journey in science began in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, where she was born on June 18, 1911. Her father, Narayanarao Bhagvat, was himself a chemist, and it’s likely that his influence sparked her early interest in the field. Despite societal norms that discouraged women from pursuing higher education, Sohonie’s family nurtured her intellectual curiosity.
Sohonie excelled in her academic pursuits, graduating from the University of Mumbai in 1933. Determined to delve deeper into the world of biochemistry, she set her sights on doctoral studies. However, her path was not without obstacles. The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore, a premier research institution, had not yet admitted any women.
Breaking Barriers at IISc
Undeterred, Sohonie persevered. Her determination and academic record impressed the IISc faculty, and in 1939, she became the institute’s first female Ph.D. student in science. This landmark achievement not only opened doors for her own scientific exploration but also paved the way for future generations of women to pursue research at IISc.
Groundbreaking Research
Under the guidance of renowned biochemist Dr. V. Subrahmanyan, Sohonie embarked on her doctoral research. Her focus was on the enzymatic processes involved in cellular respiration, a fundamental biological function. Through meticulous research, she discovered a crucial enzyme responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates, a vital step in energy generation within cells.
Sohonie’s doctoral thesis, titled “Studies on Enzyme Action in Relation to Respiration in Germinating Seeds,” made significant contributions to the field of biochemistry. Her work not only shed light on the complex mechanisms of cellular respiration but also laid the groundwork for future research in plant physiology.
Beyond the Lab: Championing Public Health
Sohonie’s scientific curiosity extended beyond the confines of the laboratory. She was deeply concerned about the issue of malnutrition, particularly among children and pregnant women, in India. Her research led her to explore the potential of natural, inexpensive dietary supplements to address this critical public health challenge.
One of Sohonie’s most impactful discoveries involved palm nectar, a naturally occurring beverage known as “Neera.” Through extensive research, she demonstrated that Neera was rich in essential nutrients and electrolytes. Sohonie’s work showed that Neera could be a valuable and affordable supplement, particularly beneficial for improving the health of malnourished children and pregnant mothers.
Legacy and Recognition
Dr. Kamala Sohonie’s contributions to science and public health were widely recognized. She received numerous accolades throughout her career, including the prestigious Rashtrapati Award for her work on Neera. In 2023, Google honored her legacy with a commemorative Doodle on her 112th birth anniversary.
Sohonie’s life story is an inspiration for aspiring scientists, especially women navigating a field that has historically been male-dominated. Her groundbreaking research not only advanced the field of biochemistry but also offered practical solutions to a critical public health concern.
More Than Just a Scientist
Beyond her scientific achievements, Dr. Sohonie was a role model for women pursuing careers in science. She actively advocated for increased opportunities for women in research and academia. Sohonie’s example served to dismantle stereotypes and encouraged future generations of women to embrace scientific exploration.
Conclusion
Dr. Kamala Sohonie’s life and work represent a remarkable confluence of scientific brilliance, social responsibility, and unwavering determination. She was a true pioneer who not only made significant contributions to the field of biochemistry but also championed the cause of women in science. Her legacy continues to inspire scientists and researchers around the world, particularly those dedicated to improving public health and ensuring equal opportunities in STEM fields.
